In France, fertility has been in decline since 2011. This trend has accelerated since 2019, although fertility fell less in 2024 than in 2023. The country’s total fertility rate (1.62 children per woman in 2024) remains higher than elsewhere in Europe. The proportion of women who have no children has significantly increased, but the propensity to have a second or third child has been quite stable for a decade and a half. Women born between 1975 and 1985 may ultimately have more than two children on average, but this will not be the case of those born in the early 1990s, meaning fertility will fall to below replacement level. Fertility is decreasing throughout the country, but its levels vary. In general, it is slightly higher in sparsely inhabited rural areas than in small cities, and in the outer areas of large cities than in high-density central areas. But these general contrasts are less marked than the differences in levels between different individual rural cantons or cities.