Long COVID-19 is an emerging chronic condition whose symptoms have been more often reported by women than men. Based on data from EpiCov, a socio-epidemiological study conducted in the general population in France between 2020 and 2022, this article focuses on the gender dimension of persistent symptoms reported after COVID-19 and long COVID-19 self-reporting. In cases of persistent symptoms lasting 2 months or more, women were more likely to report neuropsychological disorders, while men reported pain. Conversely, long COVID-19 self-reporting was more frequent in cases of pain among women and in cases of anxiety or depression among men, even after controlling for socio-economic status and geographical origin. In addition to physiopathological phenomena, these differences may be partly explained by disparities in living conditions between men and women and the effects these have on health. However, as we suggest in this article, differences could also be linked to a gendered perception of the symptoms. It may be that, when in line with gender-determined social roles, symptoms are easier to normalize, describe, and attribute to known diseases. Conversely, symptoms not concordant with these roles could be more readily linked to long COVID-19.